Machine Parts

Types of automobile engines are given bellow: a.       Number of cylinders: According to number of cylinder engine is two, three, four, six, eight and twelve cylinder types. b.       Arrangement of cylinder: Arrangement of cylinder engine can divided many types such as row type engine and flat type engine. c.       Firing order: d.       Classification by cooling: According to cooling automobile engine are two types i.                     Water cooled ii.                  Air cooled e.       Classification by cycles: According to cycles automobile engine are two types i.                     Two stroke cycle ii.                  Four stroke cycle.  f.        Classification by Fuel: Mainly it depends on which types of fuel is used. According to fuel automobile engine are two types i.                     Diesel engine  ii.                  Petrol engine. g.   

What are the purposes of engine lubrication system? Lubricating oil is a substance which oil makes possible minimum wear or low friction loss  between adjacent moving surfaces.  The lubricating oil must have  i.                     Lubricate moving parts to minimize wear.  ii.                  To minimize power loss from friction of lubricate moving parts.  iii.                By acting as a cooling agent lubricating oil remove heat from engine. iv.                Lubricating oil reduce engine noise and extending engine life by absorbing shocks between bearings and others engine parts. v.                   Work as a cooling agent. vi.                From a good seal between piston rings and cylinder walls.

Thermal Power Plant (ST): Steam is an important medium of producing mechanical energy. Steam has the advantages that it can be raised from water which is available in abundance it does not react much with the materials of the equipment of the power plant and is suitable at the temperature required in the plant. Steam is used to drive steam engines, steam turbine etc. Thermal electrical power generation is one of the major methods. For a thermal power plant the range of pressure may vary from 10 kg/cm 2 critical pressure and the range of temperature may be from 250 0 C to650 0 C.                              Figure: Steam Power Plant Main parts of a steam power plant:             1.       Boiler (Babcock and Wilcox) 2.       Steam turbines (LPT, IPT and HPT) 3.       Super heater 4.       Heaters (LPH and HPH) 5.       Condenser 6.       Air Compressor 7.       Pumps 8.       Economizer 9.       Generator                        Figur